• It was hypothesized that if modafinil acts primarily

  2020-04-20

  

  It was hypothesized that if modafinil acts primarily via a noradrenergic mechanism, Dbh −/− mice should be non-responsive since they completely lack NE. In contrast, if modafinil acts mainly through DA systems, these mice should be hypersensitive. Modafinil was tested in Dbh −/− mice using both loco

• Repulsive interactions towards undesirable substrates

  2020-04-20

  

  Repulsive interactions towards undesirable substrates are arguably a very efficient means to implement specificity [8]. In particular, it could be assumed that discrimination against a substrate that is larger than the cognate substrate may be achieved easily by restricting the active site and explo

• Lymphocyte mobility and homing is modulated by the chemoattr

  2020-04-20

  

  Lymphocyte mobility and homing is modulated by the chemoattractant receptor subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) (Campbell et al., 2003, Rot and von Andrian, 2004). B cell migration and position are controlled to a large extent by the lymphoid chemokines CXCL13, CXCL12, CCL19, and CCL21

• Because of the complexity of DNA damage and its repair

  2020-04-20

  

  Because of the complexity of DNA damage and its repair, several pathways are candidates in HN2-induced DPC repair. Considering the 23kDa molecular weight of MGMT, NER may be ineffective for MGMT-adduct removal. This presumption is supported by that the mRNA level of ERCC1, a core gene in NER pathway

• EP EP and EP receptor expression on HMVEC L

  2020-04-18

  

  EP1, EP3 and EP4 receptor expression on HMVEC-L was shown recently by flow cytometry [14]. However, only EP4 mRNA expression was previously described in these cells [49]. Our data obtained with RT-PCR showed EP4 mRNA and very low levels of EP1 mRNA, but no EP2 and EP3 mRNA expression was detectable

• Introduction Enzymes have higher selectivity specificity and

  2020-04-17

  

  Introduction Enzymes have higher selectivity, specificity and efficiency than chemical catalysts. Due to their properties and their green chemistry, biocatalysts are widely used in food, textile and pharmaceutical industry [1], [2]. A high efficient biocatalyst for industrial applications must be s

• br Materials and methods BAECs CAB Toyobo Life Science

  2020-04-17

  

  Materials and methods BAECs (CAB30405, Toyobo Life Science, Osaka, Japan) were cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium supplemented with 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (04-001-1A-US, Biological Industries, Kibbutz Beit Haemek, Israel) and 1% antibiotic-antifungal agent containing 10,000-μg/mL penici

• novobiocin Several studies have indicated that

  2020-04-17

  

  Several studies have indicated that ICT induces activation of ERK and p38 kinase in a variety of cells. The ERK pathway was involved in and partly contributed to the neuroprotective effects in rat neuronal novobiocin [14] and anticancer effects in several cancer cells [5], [7], [8]. ICT could also

• Two key enzymes play important roles in

  2020-04-17

  

  Two key enzymes play important roles in the bioconversion of xylitol from d-arabitol, namely d-arabitol dehydrogenase (ArDH) and NADH-dependent xylitol dehydrogenase (XDH), respectively (Qi et al., 2014). In an earlier study, we developed a high xylitol yield strain by expressing xdh in E. coli BL21

• Due to the results of the experiment we decided to

  2020-04-17

  

  Due to the results of the experiment we decided to deploy our cloud service infrastructure with two platform-independent servers instead of one or three. This decision was based on two factors: (a) the use of more than one server is useful to avoid a bottleneck in the system, and (b) using more than

• IAA sensitive Cl channels were shown to mediate cardioprotec

  2020-04-17

  

  IAA-94-sensitive Cl channels were shown to mediate cardioprotection due to IPC (Diaz et al., 1999) and cyclosporine A (Diaz et al., 2013). CLIC-like channel activity was also observed in cardiac mitoplast (Misak et al., 2013) but the molecular identity of these intracellular Cl channels and their pr

• A limitation of this study

  2020-04-17

  

  A limitation of this study is the between-study heterogeneity of the datasets analyzed. To address this heterogeneity, we used a random-effects model in our analysis. Also, only 2 of the databases provided information on sex, and as a result, the sex-specific analyses were performed with a smaller c

• Acknowledgements This work was supported in part by

  2020-04-16

  

  Acknowledgements This work was supported in part by a Scholarship Fund for Young Researchers by the Promotion and Mutual Aid Corporation for Private (2017 to S.K.), research grant from Japan Rett Syndrome Support Organization (2018 to S.K.), and MEXT-Supported Program for the Strategic Research Fou

• T cell infiltration is an important predictive biomarker for

  2020-04-16

  

  T cell infiltration is an important predictive biomarker for the PD-1 blockade, and it is closely associated with a good prognosis. In our study, we found that T cells were low and exhausted within the tumor microenvironment and were distributed in the tumor margin. Anti-PD-1 treatment reduced PD-1

• It has been reported that NMDA receptor hypofunction

  2020-04-16

  

  It has been reported that NMDA receptor hypofunction upregulates the expression of immediate early genes in several L-Carnitine inner salt synthesis regions [39], [40]. Consistent with this finding, we demonstrated that MK-801 increased the number of c-Fos-positive cells in the PVN and PC/RS (Fig. 5

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