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To date defining the prognostic impact of
2022-12-01
To date, defining the prognostic impact of molecular drivers of early-stage NSCLC has been challenging due to the relative rarity of these subsets and the redefinition of comparator arms over time as understanding of the molecular drivers of NSCLC evolved. Indeed, use of molecularly heterogeneous co
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BITC significantly enhanced the gene expression of
2022-12-01
BITC significantly enhanced the gene expression of the Nrf2-dependent genes, such as NQO1 and HO-1 (Fig. 4), as well as the ALDH genes (Fig. 2). Nrf2 is a key transcriptional factor which activates the expression of the genes that contain ARE in their promoter. Nrf2 translocates to the nucleus where
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br Acknowledgements This work was supported by grants from t
2022-12-01
Acknowledgements This work was supported by grants from the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (IRT_14R28), the National Basic Research Program of China (973) (Grant No.: 2013CB733602), the Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of C
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In recent years there have been further
2022-12-01
In recent years, there have been further significant developments that enhance an understanding of the role of adenosine in nociception. Thus, novel methods of recruiting adenosine A1Rs have been developed, and the role of adenosine A2A- and A3Rs in nociception has been further elaborated. Furthermo
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G actin has a molecular weight
2022-12-01
G-actin has a molecular weight of 42 kD and dimensions about 55 × 55 × 35 Å3. It consists of 375 amino acids arranged into two individual domains (Alberts et al., 2014). A central cleft bisects the protein into two aforementioned domains which surround a deep cleft containing ATP or ADP and a tightl
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The rapidity of this specific immunosuppressive therapy sugg
2022-12-01
The rapidity of this specific immunosuppressive therapy suggests that it inhibits or apoptoses plasma cells. Most serum autoantibodies to AChR are produced by long-lived plasma cells residing in spleen and bone marrow. These terminally differentiated cells are resistant to most non-specific immunosu
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Introduction hydroxytryptamine HT is found throughout the bo
2022-12-01
Introduction 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is found throughout the body and influences smooth muscle activity in various tissues including the intestine, vasculature and urinary acetylcholine chloride (Kim and Camilleri, 2000, Klarskov and Horby-Petersen, 1986, Mohammad-Zadeh et al., 2008). The curre
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Chronic inflammation is associated with both initiation and
2022-12-01
Chronic inflammation is associated with both initiation and progression of many neoplastic conditions [149], and ATX may be a player in the process. ATX/LPA signaling is positively correlated with the invasive and metastatic potential of several cancers including melanoma, breast cancer, ovarian can
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Although the role of apelin and APJ
2022-12-01
Although the role of apelin and APJ receptor in cardiovascular functions has been well-elucidated, little is known for the effect of the central apelinergic system on gastrointestinal (GI) functions. In mice, it has been found previously that central exogenous apelin-13 decreased gastric emptying (G
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AMP activated protein kinase AMPK is composed of
2022-12-01
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is composed of α-, β-, and γ-subunits [17,18]. Phosphorylation of α-subunit at Thr-172 residue is essential for AMPK activation [17,18]. The serine/threonine kinase coordinates metabolic pathways in response to energy supply and demand [17,18]. Studies have shown
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The present study determined the
2022-11-30
The present study determined the effect of DCA on VSMC calcification in vitro and in atherosclerotic ApoE-/- mice in vivo. We found that AT7519 non-toxic concentrations of DCA, did not affect VSMC viability, induced calcification of VSMC in culture and increased atherosclerotic vascular calcificatio
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Application of the broad acting HTR antagonist methiothepin
2022-11-30
Application of the broad-acting 5-HTR antagonist methiothepin (Bard et al., 1996, Hoyer et al., 1994, Peroutka, 1990) converted the TBS-induced response of both thalamocortical and intracortical A1 synapses from LTP to LTD, an effect that was mimicked by the selective 5-HT2R antagonist ketanserin (L
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The reduced IFN production seen with BPAL primed
2022-11-30
The reduced IFNγ production seen with BPAL10-primed splenocytes could potentially be attributed to the impaired intracellular survival of B. pertussis, thereby leading to a weakened induction of cell-mediated immunity. Earlier studies have suggested an antimicrobial role of IFNγ in mediating the eli
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There is also a literature on the impact of
2022-11-30
There is also a literature on the impact of commodity (consumption) taxation under imperfect competition. Besley (1989) applies a Cournot model, in which production takes place under IRS and in which free entry leads to an excessive number of firms in the market. Introducing a distortive specific co
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Several structural classes of ASK inhibitors
2022-11-28
Several structural LGX818 receptor of ASK1 inhibitors, mostly from industry but also from academia, have been identified over the last decade. In 2012, Terao et al. (Takeda) reported imidazo[1,2-α]pyridine () as a potent ASK1 inhibitor derived from structure-based drug design. GSK, Merck and Gilead
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